CCDN331: Reading - Theory Construction In Design Research: Criteria, approaches, and methods

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Theory Construction In Design Research: Criteria, Approaches and Methods
Ken Friedman

The Design field represents six general domains from the world. Natural sciences, humanities and liberal arts, social and behavioural sciences, human professions and services, creative and applied arts and technology and engineering. Design may use all of these domains, or just specific ones, as well as using varying amounts of each. This is specific to each individual problem, the criteria and how you go about it.

 The rapid development and expansion of available technologies means we are surrounded by technology and influenced by it in our daily lives. "These include the artifacts of information technology, mass media, telecommunication, chemistry, pharmacology, chemical engineering, and mechanical engineering, along with the designed processes of nearly every service industry and public good now available other than public access to nature. Within the next few years, these areas will come to include the artefacts of biotechnology, nanotechnology and other advanced hybrid technologies", (Friedman, 2003).

 Nearly everybody can design with the information and technology available today, but design flaws and mistakes are common. This is often because of inadequate preparation. Designers must undergo proper research and planning in order to tackle design tasks. "The designer is an analyst who discovers problems or who works with a problem in the light of a brief. The designer is a synthesist who helps to solve problems and a generalist who understands the range of talent that must be engaged to realise solutions. The designer is a leader who organises teams when one range of talents is not enough. Moreover, the designer is a critic whose post-solution analysis considers whether the right problem has been solved", (Friedman, 2003).

 Theory requires a mixture of researching, planning, understanding, analysis and evaluation. The practice of design revolves around interdisciplinary researching and understanding in order to solve problems faced by society. By using articulate language to communicate ideas and theories, these concepts should be able to be understood by people from a range of backgrounds. By simplifying the ideas and concepts, these theories can stand strong because people from backgrounds other than design can understand and respect them too.


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I am a designer, currently studying Design Innovation at Victoria University of Wellington. My focus areas are website and mobile media development, interaction design, 3D modelling and animation and audio-visual space. My blog shows my journey through each project as well as my learning experience through university. What do I want to be when I grow up? I have no idea. But I love what I'm learning. Although there have been many bumps along the road in this journey and despite the fact that there are going to be many more, I wouldn't have it any other way.

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